Wave Runner

A new propulsion system for boats ditches the diesel
Going the Distance: Captain Ken-ichi Horie, aboard the Suntory Mermaid II, prepares to travel solo 4,350 miles from Hawaii to Japan on wave power alone. Photo by S. Yamada

This month, 69-year-old Japanese sailor Ken-ichi Horie will attempt to captain the world’s most advanced wave-powered boat 4,350 miles from Hawaii to Japan. If all goes as planned, he’ll set the first Guinness world record for the longest distance traveled by a wave-powered boat and, along the way, show off the greenest nautical propulsion system since the sail.

Fin-Tastic: A simple spring system enables twin fins beneath the bow of the Suntory to move up and down with the incoming waves and pull the boat forward. Photo by K. Dota
At the heart of the record-setting bid is the Suntory Mermaid II, a three-ton catamaran made of recycled aluminum alloy that turns wave energy into thrust. Two fins mounted side by side beneath the bow move up and down with the incoming waves and generate dolphin-like kicks that propel the boat forward. “Waves are a negative factor for a ship—they slow it down,” says Yutaka Terao, an engineering professor at Tokai University in Japan who designed the boat’s propulsion system. “But the Suntory can transform wave energy into propulsive power regardless of where the wave comes from.”

Horie’s latest adventure builds on a storied career of eco-sailing. In 1993 he pedaled a boat 4,660 miles, from Hawaii to Okinawa, setting a world record for the longest distance traveled by a pedal-powered boat.

In 1996 he set the world record for the fastest crossing of the Pacific Ocean in a solar-powered boat. And in 1999, he made a solo trip across the Pacific in a catamaran made from recycled beer barrels.
With a maximum speed of five knots, the Suntory will take two to three months to complete a voyage that diesel-powered craft accomplish in just one. But speed is not the point. The voyage aims to prove that wave propulsion can work under real-world conditions, opening up the technology for commercial applications such as cargo shipping. “Oil is a limited power source,” Horie says, “but there is no limit to waves.”

How to Ride Waves: Photo by Kevin Hand

How to Ride Waves Across the Pacific

Electricity A set of eight solar panels produces 560 watts to run the navigation lights, ham radio, satellite phone and PC.

Propulsion Dual fins set in a side-by-side configuration beneath the bow convert wave energy into a dolphin-like kick that can propel the three-ton boat at five knots.

Stability The fins absorb energy from the rocking of the boat to help make the propulsion more efficient.

Hull The outer hull, only three millimeters thick, is made of a durable recycled-aluminum alloy.

Outboard Motor Reserved for extreme emergencies.

15 Comments

Comments

gayasstechie
Article Rating:
1
2
3
4
5

Wow. Ok so I get how this works but it still seems super pointless if you can go way faster than that with sails. Is it really going to scale up to commercial size any better than sails have? In fact it's the scale of the thing itself that's the biggest problem. Sure 5 foot waves will work for a cute little thing like that, but if you plan to put it on a gigantic ship you're going to need gigantic waves all the time to get the same thrust/weight ratio. It seems like there are much more compelling concepts for "Kite" powered commercial freighters. Sorry but I actually work in international sourcing and even if the cost went way way down, It's just not practical at all to triple shipping timeframes. Oh and why does it need a mast and rigging like that? I'll be he puts up sails when no one is looking...

4 out of 6 people found this comment helpful
witoman

from Bristow, VA

Article Rating:
1
2
3
4
5

Of course, this is nothing short of brilliant. I don't believe that the authors of this article or the owners of this boat claim that this is anything more than a prototype. It's pretty kludgey.

Later generations will no doubt improve on this both in efficiency, power and elegance. Will it ever be commercially viable for international freight shipping? Maybe not, but amazing technology approaches to shipping will surface as the price of bunker fuel continues to rise, carbon taxes are implemented and stack emission requirements are tightened by ports.

I look forward to seeing how this wave powered boat turns out and hope that the owners are collecting lots of performance and operation data.

1 out of 1 people found this comment helpful
RMORTI
Article Rating:
1
2
3
4
5

Is probably there as an emergency backup in the event of a failure of the wave propulsion system. It will also be the mount for the mast head light and would be required to hoist day shapes and flags.

I agree with previous comments. It would take some doing to get this to work on a 157,000 DWT, 400 meter long, 56 meter wide container ship with a 15.5 meter draft. There is no way that 90% of the world's non-bulk cargo (26% from China) is going to be delayed by two months. The latest cargo ships can move at about 25kts (47 kph) and they are surely not going to crawl across the Pacific or Atlantic ocean at 5kts. There is already a backlog demand for container shipments in both China and Europe.

How would this system even work in a harbor, canal, etc? Not to mention there are patches of ocean that at times are as flat as a board, not even a ripple from the wind distubs the glass like surface.

If you can design this system to work a ship as big as the one listed above and go from Hong Kong to the Suez Canal in 14 days and from the Suez Canal to Rotterdam in 8 days then you've got something viable. Until then it's just a neat invention.

1 out of 1 people found this comment helpful
prisoner42
Article Rating:
1
2
3
4
5

what id like to know is if he did put the sail up will that hinder or help the performance of the boat and if it helped what speed could he achieve.

0 out of 1 people found this comment helpful
dontbother
Article Rating:
1
2
3
4
5

Give the bloke a chance, its the first of its kind, I am sure things will improve in time.

I doubt the first boats with sails could match the speed of a super cat.

2 out of 2 people found this comment helpful
esabacz
Article Rating:
1
2
3
4
5

Just like the gigantic sale that is being tested to lessen the amount of fuel a super tanker needs to use on ocean crossings, this technology could also help lessen the burden on the diesel engines.Once it is perfected. Even if lowered consumption by only Five percent, for a super tanker that uses hundreds of thousands of gallons of fuel, that could be quite a savings. Couple that with savings the big sales are suppose to help out with (20-25 percent) I think, and it adds up very quickly. In my personal opinion, getting huge sea going vessels and airplanes more efficient is more important than personal vehicles.

1 out of 2 people found this comment helpful
xhuxhu
Article Rating:
1
2
3
4
5

Brilliant article! And bravo to this eco-sailor/inventor for his dedication to the vital, yet under-appreciated field of exploring alternative energy. Who knows what marvelous potential lies ahead, and in what application (hybrid, lowering fuel consumption, etc.). Where would science be without this sort of pioneering spirit?

0 out of 0 people found this comment helpful
xhuxhu
Article Rating:
1
2
3
4
5

Brilliant article! And bravo to this eco-sailor/inventor for his dedication to the vital, yet under-appreciated field of exploring alternative energy. Who knows what marvelous potential lies ahead, and in what application (hybrid, lowering fuel consumption, etc.). Where would science be without this sort of pioneering spirit?

0 out of 0 people found this comment helpful
fluxman
Article Rating:
1
2
3
4
5

I used to be lost in the shuffle, now I just shuffle along with the lost.

0 out of 0 people found this comment helpful
fluxman
Article Rating:
1
2
3
4
5

At the very least this should be a requirement for all ocean going vessels. This technology would undoubtedly save immense amounts of fuel worldwide. We need to make wave power a reality, not just with boats, but with buoy type generators, and floating platforms akin to offshore drilling rigs.
The answers to our energy problems are all out there people, we just need to sweep away the opposition first. Vote.

1 out of 1 people found this comment helpful
Page 1 of 2 12next ›last »

Popular Tags

Regular Features

  • The Grouse with Jon Chase | Tech's shortcomings exposed

POPSCI'S 21ST ANNUAL BEST OF WHAT'S NEW


Every year, PopSci honors the top 100 innovations in categories such as consumer products, medical tech and engineering.

Learn more and submit your product or technology today at popsci.com/enter.

PPX: The PopSci Predictions Exchange

RSS Link

Gear & Gadgets

Ready to bet on the future? Start here!

Subscribe for 2 free issues!

may2008_cover.jpg