genes

Baby, We Were Born Not to Run

Don't blame yourself, blame your genes! Scientists find you can indeed be a born couch potato

Rather watch TV than bike 50 miles? The thought of a hike sound like torture instead of fun? Well, according to two recent research papers you can stop berating yourself for being a couch potato (maybe). Researchers have identified 23 gene locations that control the activity levels of mice. “Can you be born a couch potato? In exercise physiology, we didn't used to think so, but now I would say most definitely you can," says J. Timothy Lightfoot, lead researcher on the project at the University of North Carolina.

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A Gene for Baby Makin’

Scientists locate a gene that both regulates and blocks ovulation

Birth control may have revolutionized women’s lives, but it’s still a nuisance to take. The pill is 98 percent effective only if you (or your lady friend) takes it every day, at exactly the same time. Complete this task correctly, and the estrogen could give you nausea, headaches and moodiness. Thankfully, researchers at the University of Montreal and Louis Pasteur University may have found a more pleasant alternative.

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Evidence Suggests Genes Are Indeed Selfish

A study of worker bees offers proof of Richard Dawkins' famous theory

Before Richard Dawkins became famous as an anti-religion crusader, he reshaped the theory of evolution with his 1976 book The Selfish Gene. In the book, Dawkins proposed the idea that genes, rather than organisms, compete with each other for the chance to propagate themselves. While the theory has now been widely accepted for decades, a new study in the July issue of the journal Genetics claims to have isolated the first concrete proof of a selfish gene.

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Inspired By Nature

Yeast, What is it Good For? (Absolutely Something)

Scientists find the stuff that makes bread oh-so-tasty also may cure everything from Lou Gehrig's disease to aging

You know that humans have used yeast for thousands of years for baking and brewing, but did you know that it’s also prized for its applications in medical research?

The metabolic processes of yeast cells are similar to mammal cells, and since yeast reproduces quickly, experimental results can be obtained much faster than they would using animals. Yeast’s rapid reaction time has allowed scientists to put all sorts of research in fast-forward, with the aim of efficiently developing new disease treatments.

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The Upside of ADHD

The gene responsible for our hyperactive downfall might be the key to keeping nomads healthy

Wanderlust. Restlessness. Shpilkes. In our sedentary society, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) means disrupted classrooms and lost worker productivity. But for nomads, it might be the key to success. A new study in the journal BMC Evolutionary Biology says that DRD4, the gene frequently associated with ADHD, behaves differently across environments, and might cause those who whither while sitting down to excel in a roaming lifestyle.

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Coffee Aroma Alone Combats Sleep Deprivation

Exhausted and stressed? Snort some joe

Though caffeine is always ripe for scientific inquiry; in recent months, researchers have grown seemingly obsessed with the drug. So, in the midst of stories about coffee reducing the risk of diabetes and the proper way to optimize your caffeine intake, a study analyzing the role of that beloved aroma was bound to appear sooner or later. And lo and behold, an international team of scientists has done just that by exposing sleep-deprived rats to the sweet smell of java and recording the results.

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Duck-Billed Platypus Genes Analyzed

Egg-laying mammal provides clues about evolution

An international team of scientists today published the first analysis of the genome sequence of Glennie, a female duck-billed platypus from Australia. Because the platypus occupies a unique branch on the tree of life, Glennie's genome could provide important clues about how humans and other mammalian species evolved.

Like all mammals, the platypus nourishes its young with milk. But platypus babies hatch from eggs, a characteristic usually associated with birds and reptiles.

By comparing the platypus genome with the genomes of other animals—including the human, mouse, dog, chicken and green anole lizard—the scientists hope to pinpoint which genes are common to all mammals, and when various traits have appeared or disappeared in the mammalian lineage.

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Genetic Testing: Cheaper, Easier

As the cost of genome sequencing drops, questions about its role in society are becoming more pressing

Just as CD players, personal computers, and HDTVs were prohibitively expensive when they were first released, so too was the cost of sequencing the entire genome of an individual. In 2003 that feat was accomplished for the staggering amount of $437,000,000 after 13 years of work. Today, CD players are ubiquitous and cheap; HDTVs are steadily entering the realm of affordability; and so, too, has the cost of sequencing a genome fallen precipitously. It will still set you back $1,000,000 and two months of time, but that is a tremendous savings over just five years ago.

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